What Is Curriculum free essay sample

According to Portfolio, more than 120 definitions of the term appear in the professional literature devoted to curriculum, presumably because authors are concerned about either delimiting what the term means or establishing new meaning that have become associated with it (as cited in Marsh, 2009). They range from basic definitions, What we actually teach (Schmoozer, 2011) to more complex and multifaceted definitions. Leslie O. Wilson writes: Anything and everything that teaches a lesson, planned or otherwise.Humans are born learning, thus the learned curriculum actually encompasses a combination of all of the below the hidden, null, written, political and societal etc Since students learn all the time through exposure and modeled behaviors, this means that they learn important social and emotional lessons from everyone who inhabits a school from the Janitorial staff, the secretary, the cafeteria workers, their peers, as well as from the deportment, conduct and attitudes expressed and modeled by their teachers. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Curriculum? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As cited in Wilson, 2005) Although there are various definitions of the term, it must be recognized that auricular encompasses more than a simple definition. In spite of its elusive character, it is the writers opinion that curriculum is the set of prescribed guidelines mandated by a school, college, district, or state on what is deemed important for a student to learn in any given academic subject area. These guidelines are then used as the criteria for the completion of a certain level of education.This portion of the definition is especially relevant for high school and collegiate curriculum as the completion of the guidelines result in the acquisition of a degree, diploma, or artifice. It is also the writers opinion that curriculum consists of the total learned experiences one has inside and outside a given stage of academia. The first definition represents more of what curriculum actually is in schools today and the latter, what curriculum should include.In an attempt to defend the definition, it is important to look at both parts separately. With the current push toward common core state standards throughout the country, states are attempting to streamline what is taught in schools. The idea is that if everyone is consistent in what they are caching, all students will be equally prepared for college and the workplace. This translates to the development of a set of guidelines that are deemed most important for a student to learn. According to N. E.Stators, The majority of definitions given, however, tend to see curriculum as a document consisting more or less of the general aim, objectives, content, methodology, and methods of evaluation of an educational process (Stators, 2006). We have also seen this since the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (2001). Guidelines were set to schools and districts molded their curriculum to meet these guidelines. While many agree with the main concept of the act, some view these guidelines as unrealistic. Critics also argue that the act limits many schools curriculum development by only focusing on reading and math, giving the impression that the other subjects are not The second definition emphasizes that curriculum deals with the as important. Total learned experiences in and outside the school or institution. According to Allan Orenstein and Francis Hunks, curriculum deals with the learners experiences. By this definition, almost anything planned in or outside of school is part of curriculum (Orenstein Hunks, 2013, p. ). This theory lends itself to a more flexible curriculum, where educators and students have more freedom in the direction the curriculum goes. A. V. Kelly also supports this theory and defines curriculum as the totality of the experiences the pupil has as a result of a provision made (as cited in Stators, 2006). As stated earlier, it is the writers opinion that this is the direction in which curriculum should move toward.The writer believes in avian structure in terms of what is taught but there is also a need for teachable moments which provides teachers and students with leeway to explore academically. Currently, curriculum is seen by many educators as a check list of learning objectives that must be completed in preparation for a particular assessment. Larry Cuban and Baffle Cohn say that, Certain subjects, such as reading and math, are emphasized at the expense of subject matter that has moral, creative, and emotional value (as cited in Orenstein Hunks, 2013, p. ). Although there is retreat value in the creation of standard curriculum guidelines, there is also great value in an organic and creative learning process. Teachers and students both benefit when they have the freedom to explore and create their own learning paths using a standard curriculum as a guideline. Ronald Doll states, Every school has a planned, formal acknowledged curriculum, but it also has an unplanned, informal and hidden one that must be considered (as cited by Orenstein Hunks, 2013, p. ). Orenstein and Hunks further explain that, The planned, formal curriculum focuses n goals, objectives, subject matter, and organization of instruction; the unplanned, informal curriculum deals with psychopathology interaction among students and teachers, especially their feelings, attitudes, and behaviors (Orenstein Hunks, It would be an understatement to say that curriculum has many 2013, p. 9). Definitions.

Case P3 DB - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Case P3 DB - Smart Custom Writing Insidious nature of alcohol.Since the early childhood we are inculcated with the norms, principals and laws of life. We are thought the basics of ‘DOs’ and ‘DO NOTs’. We are moralized, normalized, socialized. We learn to differentiate between ‘good’ and ‘bad’. Still, unfortunately the theory is not always reflectively applicable on practice. On our way we might meet hindrances to stumble over and thereafter be led astray. One of such spokes in one’s wheel is an acute issue of alcohol drinking. This burning ‘substance’ can get a dual response. For some in their world perception picture drinking is not a gloomy and dark color. Rather, their life canvas is brightened and vivified. Here, another point arises – the limit. Is it excessive to share a glass of wine at a family table or a bottle of beer in front of a TV screen while enjoying a football match? These and other questions concerned with alcohol beverages can evoke hot discussions. Still, notwithstanding pros and cons, there are some commonsense and reasonable standpoints on the matter. Presumably a glass of wine in a friend’s company at the end of a working or studying week now and then can’t be considered heavy drinking as compared to a regularly repeated vomiting ending of a party. Such cases of fuddling oneself which at first time seem to be just ‘relaxation’ can very quickly acquire the scale of alcohol abuse problem. So, what is heavy drinking, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence? In my opinion, the problem starts with heavy drinking, when a person doesn’t see the limits of alcohol consumption. Hence, large quantities of beverages consumed in effect lead to alcohol abuse – the habit to drink constantly without even noticing the fact. Gradually a person becomes alcohol addicted and dependant, the latter meaning the organism insistently requiring another dose of poisonous ‘evil’. Here comes the addiction, when inside the brain take place some chemical processes which change the brain control mechanism and therefore the barrier refuses to counteract alcohol intake. Thus, we deal not only with the uncontrollable person’s behavior, but also with the difficult psychological problem. Indeed, harmless and non-hazardous drink as it may seem turns into poison for the alcohol dependant person. Actually, in the blink of your eye the situation can appear to be disagreeable to the extent that you have sunk into the mire of alcohol dependence. It is really hard to figure out where and when the line is crossed giving a range of factors such as genetic predisposition, a family you were raised in,   socially-related aspects, etc. which may precondition, stipulate, provoke and severely affect each particular case. Indeed, drinking has a delicate balance. Queerly and oddly may sound the fact that 30 grams of alcohol consumption per day have the power of preventive measures to lessen and mitigate the ischemic stroke possibility, as the medical regular research data claim. Moreover, the alcohol addicted people are not the only dependant participants of the morass. Even our nearest and dearest can overlook the moment when an enjoyable glass of wine happened to turn into the alcohol sea of trouble. Thereby, they become involuntarily entangled in the ‘life buoy and life boat’ seeking process. Such a ‘life boat’ for ‘drowners’ is not a myth altogether. Special institutions such as Alcoholics A nonymous are called for to extend a helping hand to those in need. Their mechanism of active help provision is based on the very first step towards the recovery. First is the acceptance of the problem, not denial. All the other steps seem to function as derivatives of the conscience, the most striking and astounding human’s brain instrument. To my way of thinking, the one in trouble must not be neglectful of a chance to get back to a normal life stream with the assistance of Alcoholics Anonymous only on the grounds of personal disdain or unlucky treatment cases.   I believe the first and foremost of the curing factors is one’s inner will healing power rather than other circumstances that can put one back on the right track.

Human resources Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human resources - Assignment Example Interpersonal skills of different level of employees must be observed and analysed randomly. A lower level of interpersonal skills in more number of employees is indicative towards the need of team building. After the need assessment, the next step is checking the adaptability of existing training modules within the organisational structure of the department to be trained. A general approach must include trainings on interpersonal skills, leadership skills, communication skills and ‘motivation’. The need assessment should develop a picture on how the employees are going to perceive the activities and content of each of these modules. Motivation and aspiration of employees are two important factors to be considered while planning a team building training. The hierarchical structure of employees is also to be understood before finalising the need of team building training. The observations out of this need assessment exercise can be used to decide whether team building is needed or not. Thus any request for team building training must be preceded by a need assessment. However, it is advisable to brief the organisation with the structure of the training and the importance of need assessment before committing the